Amavu n'amavuko
Intego z’inganda zita ku buzima ni ukuzamura ubuzima bw’abantu, gukumira no kuvura indwara, gutanga serivisi z’ubuvuzi zujuje ubuziranenge kandi bunoze, guhaza ibyo abarwayi bakeneye, no kuzamura imibereho yabo. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga no kongera ubuzima ku buzima, inganda zita ku buzima nazo zihora zishyashya kandi zigatera imbere. Nta gushidikanya, ubuvuzi ni ingingo buri wese yitaho, ku buryo inganda zikurura abantu benshi, kandi ibisabwa ku mutekano n’ukuri ni byinshi. Hamwe na HIS (Sisitemu yamakuru yibitaro), tekinoroji ya RFID irashobora kuzana iterambere niterambere mubikorwa byubuzima. Irashobora kwandika neza iterambere ryokuvura abarwayi, imikoreshereze yubuvuzi, nuburyo bwo kubaga, kandi igatanga inkunga ikomeye kumutekano wumurwayi nubuzima. Porogaramu nko gucunga amaraso, gucunga ibikoresho byubuvuzi, gucunga imyanda yubuvuzi, gucunga amakuru y’abarwayi, no gucunga ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi biriyongera cyane. Biteganijwe ko ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rizakoreshwa n’ibitaro byinshi n’amasosiyete akora imiti mu gihe kiri imbere.
1. Gusaba mubuvuzi bwamakuru n’abarwayi
Mugihe cyo gushyirwa mubitaro, umuganga witabye akenshi akenera kuvura abarwayi benshi icyarimwe, ibyo bikaba bitera urujijo. Iyo umurwayi afite ikibazo gitunguranye, uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bushobora gutinda kubera kutabasha kubona amakuru yubuvuzi mugihe gikwiye. Ukoresheje umusomyi wa RFID igendanwa, abaganga barashobora gusoma byihuse ibimenyetso bya elegitoronike kubarwayi kugirango babone amakuru arambuye. Ibi bifasha abaganga gutegura gahunda zukuri zo kuvura. Ikoranabuhanga rya RFID rishobora kandi gufasha kugenzura igihe nyacyo abarwayi bakeneye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe, nk'abarwayi banduye indwara zanduye. Binyuze muri sisitemu ya RFID, menya neza ko abo barwayi bahora bagenzura. Byongeye kandi, abakozi b’ubuvuzi bakeneye gukora ubugenzuzi buri gihe, nko gusimbuza imiti n’ibikoresho by’ubuforomo. Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya RFID ituma iyi mirimo yingenzi irangira neza.
2. Gusaba gucunga Amaraso
Muburyo busanzwe bwo gucunga amaraso, intambwe zingenzi zikurikira zirimo:
kwandikisha abaterankunga, kwisuzumisha kumubiri, gupima amaraso, gukusanya amaraso, kubika amaraso, gucunga ibarura (nko gutunganya ibice), gukwirakwiza amaraso, no gutanga amaraso ya nyuma kubarwayi mubitaro cyangwa gukora ibindi bicuruzwa byamaraso. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo amakuru menshi yo gucunga amakuru, akubiyemo amakuru y’abatanga amaraso, ubwoko bwamaraso, igihe n’aho ikusanyirizo ryamaraso, hamwe namakuru ajyanye nabakozi. Kubera imiterere yamaraso yangirika cyane, ibidukikije byose bidakwiye bishobora kwangiza ubuziranenge bwabyo, bigoye gucunga amaraso. Ikoranabuhanga rya RFID ritanga igisubizo cyiza cyo gucunga amaraso. Muguhuza ikirango cyihariye cya RFID kuri buri mufuka wamaraso no kwinjiza amakuru afatika, ibyo birango bihujwe nububiko bwa HIS. Ibi bivuze ko amaraso ashobora gukurikiranwa na sisitemu ya RFID mubikorwa byose, kuva aho ikusanyirizo kugeza banki zamaraso kugeza aho zikoreshwa mubitaro.Amakuru yubukangurambaga arashobora gukurikiranwa mugihe nyacyo.
Kera, gucunga ibarura ryamaraso byatwaraga igihe kandi byasabwaga kugenzura amakuru yintoki mbere yo kuyakoresha. Hamwe nogukoresha tekinoroji ya RFID, gushaka amakuru, kwanduza, kugenzura, no kuvugurura birashobora kugerwaho mugihe nyacyo, kwihutisha kumenyekanisha amaraso mugihe cyo gucunga ibarura, no kugabanya amakosa mugihe cyo kugenzura intoki. Ikiranga kutamenyekana kwa RFID kirashobora kandi kwemeza ko amaraso ashobora kumenyekana no gupimwa atanduye, ibi bikagabanya kandi ibyago byo kwandura amaraso. Ibirango byubwenge bya RFID bifite ibidukikije byiza kandi birashobora gukora neza no mubidukikije bidasanzwe byo kubika amaraso. Abakozi bo mu buvuzi barashobora gukoresha abasomyi ba RFID bafite intoki kugira ngo barebe niba amakuru y’isakoshi y’amaraso ahuye n’amakuru ajyanye n’amaraso ku kuboko kwa RFID umurwayi kugira ngo abarwayi bahabwe amaraso ahuye. Iki gipimo cyongera cyane umutekano nukuri kwamaraso.
3. Gukoresha ibikoresho byubuvuzi Gukurikirana no Guhagarara
Mubitaro, ibikoresho nibikoresho bitandukanye nibyingenzi mubikorwa byibitaro. Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryubuvuzi, gucunga ibyo bikoresho nibikoresho byarushijeho kuba ingorabahizi. Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gucunga rimwe na rimwe ntibushobora guhaza ibyifuzo mugukoresha neza, kugenda, numutekano wibikoresho. Muri ibyo bikoresho, bimwe bigomba guhora byimurwa kugirango bikemure ubuvuzi butandukanye, mugihe ibindi bishobora kwibwa kubera agaciro kabyo cyangwa umwihariko. Ibi biganisha kubikoresho bimwe ntibishobora kuboneka cyangwa no gutakara mugihe gikomeye. Ibi ntabwo bigira ingaruka gusa kubikorwa byubuvuzi ahubwo binashyira igitutu cyamafaranga nigikorwa cyibitaro. Kugira ngo ibyo bibazo bikemuke, tagi ya elegitoronike yashyizwemo chip ya RFID irashobora kwomekwa kubikoresho byingenzi byubuvuzi nibikoresho. Byaba biri mububiko, mukoresha, cyangwa muri transit, aho ibikoresho bigezweho birashobora kuboneka neza binyuze muri sisitemu ya RFID. Hamwe na sisitemu yo gutabaza, sisitemu izahita itanga impuruza mugihe aho ibikoresho biherereye bidasanzwe cyangwa kugenda bitemewe bibaye, bikarinda neza ubujura bwibikoresho. Ibi ntabwo bitezimbere umutekano wibikoresho gusa ahubwo binagabanya cyane ibibazo byimikorere biterwa nubuyobozi bubi cyangwa ubujura.
Ibyiza bya tekinoroji ya RFID
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2) Gukurikirana no kumenya inzira zose zo gukora ibiyobyabwenge kugirango ukoreshe birashobora kuvanaho ibiyobyabwenge byiganano kandi bitari byiza ku isoko biva mu isoko, bifitiye akamaro gucunga umutekano wibiyobyabwenge.
3) Guhura nibikoresho bitandukanye byubuvuzi, ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya RFID rirashobora kuzamura imikorere yabaganga mubuyobozi bwibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho, nibikoresho. Irashobora gutahura imikoreshereze yihariye mugihe nyacyo kandi igatanga ibikoresho byubuvuzi.
Isesengura ryo guhitamo ibicuruzwa
Mugihe uhitamo ikirango cya RFID, bigomba gutekereza kuri dielectric ihoraho yikintu gifatanye kimwe nimbogamizi hagati ya chip ya RFID na antenne ya RFID. Ibirango bya RFID bisabwa ninganda zubuzima rusange birashobora kuba bito cyane (antenne ceramic irashobora kuba 18 × 18mm) kubisabwa bidasanzwe. Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke (ibidukikije byo kubika imifuka yamaraso) kandi mugihe habuze ibisabwa byihariye:
1) Impapuro zubuhanzi cyangwa PET zikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo hejuru kandi kole ishushe irakoreshwa. Amazi y'amazi arashobora guhaza ibikenewe no kugenzura ibiciro.
2) Ingano yikirango igenwa cyane cyane kubyo umukoresha asabwa. Mubisanzwe, ingano ya antenne 42 × 16mm, 50 × 30mm, na 70 × 14mm irashobora guhaza ibikenewe.
3) Umwanya wo kubikamo ugomba kuba munini. Kubisanzwe bisanzwe, birahagije guhitamo chip ifite ububiko bwa EPC hagati ya 96bits na 128bits, nka NXP Ucode 8, Ucode 9, Impinj M730, M750, nibindi. Niba kubika amakuru ari byinshi, bisaba ibyiza bya HF na UHF byuzuzanya, ibirango bibiri byinshyi birahari.
XGSun Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano
Ibyiza byubuvuzi bwa RFID butangwa na XGSun: Ubukangurambaga bukabije hamwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya kwivanga. Bakurikiza protocole ya ISO15693, ISO18000-6C hamwe na NFC Forum T5T (Ubwoko 5 Tag) ibipimo bya tekiniki. Ibyiza byibicuruzwa bibiri bya RFID ni uko bigumana ubushobozi bwa UHF nini-nini kandi byihuta, bifite intera ndende yohereza, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gusoma bwitsinda. Bagumana kandi ubushobozi bwa HF bwo gukorana na terefone zigendanwa, bakagura cyane ubugari bwimikoreshereze ya RFID. Ikirangantego kirahendutse kandi gitanga imikorere ihanitse, gusoma byihuse no kwandika umuvuduko, umutekano mwinshi wamakuru, ubushobozi bunini bwo kubika amakuru, byoroshye gusoma no kwandika, guhuza ibidukikije bikomeye, ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu. Ifasha kandi kwihitiramo uburyo butandukanye.