Imvelaphi kunye nesicelo
Ulawulo lwemisitho yenye yeendawo ezibalulekileyo zolawulo lwangoku. Inokuphucula kakuhle ukusebenza kakuhle kombutho kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza komsitho, iqinisekise inkqubela phambili egudileyo yomsitho, kwaye ifezekise ngempumelelo injongo yomsitho. Ngokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID, kwimicimbi yezemidlalo, iindibano zoshishino kunye nezinye iimeko, kunokunciphisa abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo eziphathekayo, ukugcina ixesha, kunye nokunceda abacwangcisi beminyhadala kunye nabaphathi baphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo.
1.Ulawulo lweminyhadala yemidlalo
Itekhnoloji ye-RFID iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ixesha kwimisitho yokubaleka ezindleleni ezifana neembaleki ezinkulu, isiqingatha sembaleki, kunye neekhilomitha ezili-10. Ngokwe-AIMS, iithegi ze-RFID zexesha zaqaliswa kugqatso lomdyarho yi-Champion Chip yaseNetherlands malunga no-1995. Kukhuphiswano lokubaleka ezindleleni, zimbini iindidi zeethegi zexesha, enye ibotshelelwa kumtya wesihlangu; enye incamatheliswe ngokuthe ngqo ngasemva kwibhibhi yenani kwaye ayifuni kuhlaziywa. Iithegi ze-Passive tags zisetyenziswa kugqatso olubalekayo lwendlela enkulu ukonga iindleko. Ebudeni bogqatso, abafundi bekhaphethi badla ngokubekwa ekuqaleni, ekugqibeleni kunye namanqaku athile okujika angundoqo, njl.njl. ukuvelisa imagnethi kwindawo encinci. I-eriyali yethegi idlula kumhlaba wemagnethi ukwenza yangoku ukunika amandla itshiphu ukuze ithegi ikwazi ukuhambisa imiqondiso. Ukuze i-eriyali yekhaphethi ikwazi ukufumana kwaye irekhode isazisi kunye nexesha letshiphu edlula kwikhaphethi. Idatha yazo zonke iikhaphethi zihlanganiswe kwisoftware ekhethekileyo ukulungisa iziphumo zomdlali ngamnye kunye nokubala ixesha le-chip, njl.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho lweMveliso
Ngenxa yokuba umgama omde ubanjelwa ngaphandle kwaye nezihlwele zixinene, kufuna ixesha elichanekileyo kunye nokuqondwa kwemigama emide. Kule nkqubo, izisombululo ze-UHF RFID zidla ngokusetyenziswa, njenge-NXP UCODE 9, i-frequency yokusebenza yi-860 ~ 960MHz, i-ISO 18000-6C kunye ne-EPC C1 Gen2 ehambelanayo, umthamo we-EPC 96bit, uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokusebenza: -40 °C ukuya +85 °C, ineenzuzo zesantya esiphezulu, ukufundwa kweqela, ukungqubana kweethegi ezininzi, umgama omde, isakhono esinamandla sokumelana nokuphazamiseka, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nobukhulu obuncinci bethegi. Iileyibhile ze-elektroniki ze-RFID zinokuncanyathiselwa ngasemva kwibhibhi yenombolo yomdlali. Iikomiti ezininzi eziququzelela isiganeko ziya kusebenzisa iileyibhile enye ye-RFID esisiseko kunye ne-backup, kuba oku kunokunciphisa amathuba okufundwa kobuxoki okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwiithegi. Ibonelela ngesicwangciso esigciniweyo ukuba nayiphi na enye yezi zixhobo ingaphumeleli.
Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, kuba ileyibhile ye-RFID incanyathiselwe ngasemva kwibhibhi yenani kwaye yahlulwe emzimbeni womntu sisiqwengana sempahla yezemidlalo, idielectric engaguqukiyo yomzimba womntu inkulu, kwaye unxibelelwano olusondeleyo luya kutsala amaza ombane, eya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-eriyali. Ke ngoko, siya kuncamathelisa umaleko we-foam kwithegi ye-Inlay ukugcina i-antenna yethegi kumgama othile ukusuka kumzimba womntu ukunciphisa impembelelo ekufundeni ithegi. I-inlay isebenzisa i-eriyali efakwe i-aluminiyam kunye ne-PET. Inkqubo ye-aluminium etching yenza ixabiso liphantsi. I-eriyali isebenzisa i-eriyali ye-dipole enesiqingatha-ngamaza enesakhiwo esandisiweyo kuzo zombini iziphelo: ukwandisa amandla okusasazeka kwemitha, okanye inokuqondwa njengokwandisa ukuxhathisa kwayo kwimitha. I-radar cross-section inkulu kwaye i-backscattering energy inamandla. Umfundi ufumana amandla awomeleleyo abonakaliswa yithegi ye-RFID, kwaye isenokusetyenziswa nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngokumalunga nokukhethwa kweglu, kuba uninzi lwamacwecwe enziwe ngephepha leDuPont elinomphezulu orhabaxa, kwaye iimbaleki ziya kuvelisa ukubila okuninzi ngexesha lokhuphiswano, iithegi zeRFID kufuneka zisebenzise incamathiso esebenzisa izinyibilikisi zendalo njengento ephakathi ukuya. nyibilikisa kwaye ugqume i-adhesive. Iingenelo zezi: Inokumelana kakuhle namanzi, i-trong viscosity, akukho lula ukuphuphuma kwe-adhesive, iyamelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye inokulungelelaniswa nethegi yangaphandle.
2. Ulawulo lwemisitho emikhulu
Amatikiti e-elektroniki e-RFID luhlobo olutsha lwamatikiti oluzinzisa iitshiphusi ezi-smart kumajelo eendaba afana namatikiti ephepha okukhangela/ukuhlola itikiti ngokukhawuleza kwaye avumele ukubeka indawo echanekileyo ngexesha lokwenyani, ukulandelela kunye nolawulo lwemibuzo yabanini bamatikiti. Undoqo wayo yi-chip esebenzisa i-RFID (i-radio frequency identification) iteknoloji kwaye inomthamo othile wokugcina. Le chip ye-RFID kunye ne-eriyali ekhethekileyo ye-RFID ziqhagamshelwe kunye ukwenza into ebizwa ngokuba yithegi yombane. Ukufakela ithegi ye-elektroniki kwitikiti okanye kwikhadi elithile libandakanya itikiti eliphambili le-elektroniki.
Xa kuthelekiswa namatikiti ephepha emveli, amatikiti e-elektroniki e-RFID anezi mpawu zilandelayo:
I-1) Undoqo wetikiti le-elektroniki yi-chip ekhuselekileyo edibeneyo yesekethe. Uyilo lwayo lokhuseleko kunye nokuveliswa kwalo lumisela umda ophakamileyo kakhulu wetekhnoloji yeRFID kwaye phantse akunakwenzeka ukuxelisa.
2) Ithegi ye-RFID ye-elektroniki inenombolo ye-ID eyodwa, egcinwe kwi-chip kwaye ayikwazi ukuguqulwa okanye inkohliso; ayinxibi ngoomatshini kwaye ichasene nokungcola;
I-3) Ukongeza kwi-password yokukhusela iithegi ze-elektroniki, inxalenye yedatha inokulawulwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngokusebenzisa i-encryption algorithms; kukho inkqubo yoqinisekiso phakathi komfundi weRFID kunye nethegi yeRIFD.
4) Ngokubhekiselele kwitikiti lokuchasana nenkohliso, ukusebenzisa amatikiti e-elektroniki e-RFID endaweni yamatikiti enziwe ngesandla kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokujonga itikiti. Ngezihlandlo ezinje ngokhuphiswano lwezemidlalo olukhulu kunye nemidlalo enomthamo omkhulu wetikiti, itekhnoloji yeRFID ingasetyenziselwa ukuchasana namatikiti enkohliso, ukuphelisa imfuno yokuchongwa ngesandla. , ngaloo ndlela ukuqonda ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwabasebenzi. Isenokurekhoda kwakhona ukuchongwa kwamatikiti angenayo naphumayo ukukhusela amatikiti ekubeni abiwe kwaye asetyenziswe kwakhona. Kwiminyhadala ebalulekileyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zolawulo lokhuseleko, kuyenzeka nokuba kubekwe iliso ukuba abanini bamatikiti bayangena kwiindawo ezichongiweyo na.
I-5) Le nkqubo inokudityaniswa ngokwemvelo kunye nesoftware ekhoyo yokukhupha itikiti yabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwedatha oluhambelanayo, ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baphucule iinkqubo ezikhoyo zokuthengisa amatikiti kwiinkqubo ze-rfid zokuchasana nezomgunyathi ngexabiso elincinci.
Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, kuba ileyibhile ye-RFID incanyathiselwe ngasemva kwibhibhi yenani kwaye yahlulwe emzimbeni womntu sisiqwengana sempahla yezemidlalo, idielectric engaguqukiyo yomzimba womntu inkulu, kwaye unxibelelwano olusondeleyo luya kutsala amaza ombane, eya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-eriyali. Ke ngoko, siya kuncamathelisa umaleko we-foam kwithegi ye-Inlay ukugcina i-antenna yethegi kumgama othile ukusuka kumzimba womntu ukunciphisa impembelelo ekufundeni ithegi. I-inlay isebenzisa i-eriyali efakwe i-aluminiyam kunye ne-PET. Inkqubo ye-aluminium etching yenza ixabiso liphantsi. I-eriyali isebenzisa i-eriyali ye-dipole enesiqingatha-ngamaza enesakhiwo esandisiweyo kuzo zombini iziphelo: ukwandisa amandla okusasazeka kwemitha, okanye inokuqondwa njengokwandisa ukuxhathisa kwayo kwimitha. I-radar cross-section inkulu kwaye i-backscattering energy inamandla. Umfundi ufumana amandla awomeleleyo abonakaliswa yithegi ye-RFID, kwaye isenokusetyenziswa nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ngokumalunga nokukhethwa kweglu, kuba uninzi lwamacwecwe enziwe ngephepha leDuPont elinomphezulu orhabaxa, kwaye iimbaleki ziya kuvelisa ukubila okuninzi ngexesha lokhuphiswano, iithegi zeRFID kufuneka zisebenzise incamathiso esebenzisa izinyibilikisi zendalo njengento ephakathi ukuya. nyibilikisa kwaye ugqume i-adhesive. Iingenelo zezi: Inokumelana kakuhle namanzi, i-trong viscosity, akukho lula ukuphuphuma kwe-adhesive, iyamelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye inokulungelelaniswa nethegi yangaphandle.
Uhlalutyo loKhetho lweMveliso
Izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-HF (i-high frequency) kunye ne-UHF (i-Ultra high frequency). I-RFID kuzo zombini iibhendi zefrikhwensi ingenziwa ibe ngamatikiti e-elektroniki e-RFID.
HF ukusebenza frequency yi 13.56MHz, protocol ISO14443, chips tag ezikhoyo are NXP (NXP): Ultralight series, Mifare series S50, DESfire series, Fudan: FM11RF08 (iyahambelana S50).
I-UHF yokusebenza rhoqo yi-860 ~ 960MHz, iyahambelana ne-ISO18000-6C kunye ne-EPCC1Gen2, kunye ne-tag tag chips ezikhethiweyo zi-NXP: uchungechunge lwe-UCODE, Alien: H3, H4, H-EC, Impinj: M3, M4 series, M5, MR6 series.
Itekhnoloji ye-HF RFID isebenzisa umgaqo wokudibanisa i-inductive kufutshane nentsimi, oko kukuthi, umfundi uhambisa amandla kunye notshintshiselwano lwedatha kunye nethegi ngentsimi yamagnetic, kunye nomgama wokufunda ongaphantsi kwemitha eyi-1. Itekhnoloji ye-UHF RFID isebenzisa umgaqo wokusasazeka kwemitha ye-electromagnetic ekude, oko kukuthi, umfundi uhambisa amandla kunye notshintshiselwano ngedatha kunye nethegi ngamaza ombane. Umgama wokufunda ngokuqhelekileyo yi-3 ukuya kwi-5m.
I-eriyali ye-RFID: I-antenna ye-HF yi-eriyali ye-coil induction induction ekufutshane, eyenziwe ngeekhoyili ze-inductor eziguqukayo ezininzi. Yamkela inkqubo ye-antenna yokushicilela kwaye isebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo i-inki ye-conductive (i-carbon paste, i-copper paste, i-copper paste, njl.) Ukuprinta imigca ye-conductive kwi-insulating layer (iphepha okanye i-PET) , eyenza isiphaluka se-antenna. Ibonakaliswa yimveliso enkulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi, kodwa ukuqina kwayo akunamandla.
Ii-eriyali ze-UHF zii-eriyali ze-dipole kunye nee-eriyali ezifakwayo. Ii-eriyali zemitha yemitha ekude zihlala zinomsindo kwaye zihlala zithatha isiqingatha sobude bobude. Ii-eriyali ze-UHF zisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-antenna ye-aluminiyam. I-aluminium yensimbi yensimbi kunye noluhlu lwe-PET yokukhusela ludibaniswe neglue kwaye lucutshungulwe ngeteknoloji ye-etching. Iimpawu: Ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ixabiso eliphezulu, kodwa imveliso ephantsi.
Izinto ezingaphezulu: ushicilelo lwetikiti ngokuqhelekileyo lusebenzisa iindidi ezimbini zekhadibhodi yokuprinta, iphepha lobugcisa kunye nephepha le-thermal: ubunzima obuqhelekileyo bokushicilela itikiti lekhadibhodi yi-157g, 200g, 250g, 300g, njl.; imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yoshicilelo lwetikiti lephepha le-thermal yi-190g, 210g, 230g, njl.